In all such matters the position of interest-bearing and interest-free things would be as under: 

1. When commodities to be exchanged are of the same `type’ and `variety,’ any increase or decrease in them will be unlawful, as will be their sale on credit; for example, exchange of wheat with wheat and rice with rice. It is essential that these things are equal in measure and/or weight, and are in one’s actual possession. 

 

2. If two things to be exchanged are of the same `type’ but of a different `variety,’ any increase or decrease in them is permissible. Their sale on credit is, however, unlawful. For instance, the exchange of one kilogram of silver with two grams of gold, or the barter of one kilo of barley with half a kilo of wheat, or the exchange of one Dinar with four Riyals. If such a bargain is on a cash basis it will be fair, but any credit in this case is not correct. 

 

3. When the two things to be exchanged are not of the same `type’ and are also different in `variety,’ then any increase or decrease in them is permissible and their sale on credit is also allowed. For example, exchange of one kilogram of wheat with a gram of gold, bargain of one kilogram of dates with ten Tola (about 116 grams) of silver. Any increase or decrease in them is permissible, as is their sale on credit.

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 WHY IS RIBA HARAM?

The first and foremost reason riba is haram is because Allah declared it so. It is based on Allah’s infinite wisdom that He deems an action to be obligatory or prohibited, prescribing matters in man’s best interests, in this life and in the Hereafter, as He is the All-Wise, All-Knowing. The scholars of Islam have suggested the following reasons as to why riba is haram:

 

Riba conflicts with the spirit of brotherhood and sympathy, and is based on greed, selfishness and hard heartedness.

Riba is one of the major contributors towards inflation.

Riba causes trauma and depression due to mounting debts.

Riba is a sure gain without any possibility of loss, hence all the risk is taken by the borrower, rather than sharing the risk and the profits with both parties.

Riba creates a monopoly in society, where the rich are rewarded for being wealthy, while those who are not are forced to pay extra!

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 DO YOU WANT SUCCESS IN THIS LIFE & THE HEREAFTER?

If we abide by that which is lawful, and avoid that which is haram, our wealth will be blessed and beneficial in this world and the Hereafter. 

 

On the Day of Resurrection, people will rise from their graves quickly, except those who engaged in riba. They will stand up and then fall down like epileptics because Allah says in the Quran:

“Those who consume riba cannot stand (on the Day of Resurrection) except as one stands who is being beaten by Satan into insanity. That is because they say, ‘Trade is (just) like riba.’ But Allah has permitted trade and has forbidden riba…” Qur’an 2:275

Such is the punishment for those who consume riba and do not sincerely repent from this great sin.

 

As for those who strive toward success by earning Allah’s pleasure, they take comfort from the following verse:

“O you who believe! Do not devour Riba (e.g. interest), making it double & redouble, and be careful of (your duty to) Allah, that you may be successful.” Qur’an 3:130

We are also shown how to be successful in the Hereafter:

“The only saying of the faithful believers when they are called to Allah (His Words- the Qur’an) and His Messenger, to judge between them, is that they say: “We hear and we obey.” And such are the successful (who will live forever in Paradise).” Qur’an 24:51

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 THERE ARE FOUR PLACES IN THE QUR’AN WHERE ALLAH MENTIONS USURY (RIBA IN QURAN):

 

[Surat al-Baqarah 2:275-76, 278-79] Those who swallow down usury cannot arise except as one whom the Shaytan has prostrated by (his) touch does rise. That is because they say: Trading is only like usury, while Allah has allowed trading and forbidden usury. To whomsoever then the admonition has come from his Lord, then he desists, he shall have what has already passed, and his affair is in the hands of Allah; and whoever returns (to it) – these are the inmates of the fire; they shall abide in it.

Allah does not bless usury, and He causes charitable deeds to prosper, and Allah does not love any ungrateful sinner.

O you who believe! Be careful of (your duty to) Allah and relinquish what remains (due) from usury, if you are believers.

But if you do (it) not, then be apprised of war from Allah and His Messenger; and if you repent, then you shall have your capital; neither shall you make (the debtor) suffer loss, nor shall you be made to suffer loss.

 

[Surah Ali `Imran 3:130] O you who believe! Do not devour usury, making it double and redouble, and be careful of (your duty to) Allah, that you may be successful.

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 AVOID RIBA:

None can doubt that riba is haram and a major sin, and no disobedience to Allah is worth the risk of His punishment. We must remember that the life of this world is short and fleeting, and that the purpose of our existence is not to lust after beauty and wealth, but rather to worship Allah correctly and live by His rules. Just because riba is widespread and common, it does not make it permissible.

 

“And whosoever fears Allah and keeps his duty to Him, He will make a way for him to get out (from every difficulty), and will provide him sustenance from where he never even imagined. And whosoever puts his trust in Allah, Allah is sufficient for him.” Qur’an 65:2-3

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TYPES OF RIBA (USURY): 

First, Riba Al-Fadhl: To take more in exchange of one commodity in the event of barter of two similar commodities.

 

Second, Riba An-Nasee’ah: To take a larger return of one thing while two identical things are bartered. But in this case the larger return is affected after a fixed period of time.

 

In Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh), assets are of two types. One type is of commodities and the other is of the mode of price for exchanging commodities called Thaman (price). Then, every type has a class of varieties. For example, food grains are a type of assets and rice, wheat, etc., are its varieties. Similarly, silver, gold, etc., are varieties of the second type of assets. Coins, currency notes, company shares, etc., can also be considered varieties of this type in contemporary life. 

These two types of assets have four varieties: 

1. Commodities which are sold by weight. 
2. Commodities which are sold by measure. 
3. Commodities which can be stored. 
4. Commodities which are used as Thaman in sale and purchase. 

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 HADITHS ABOUT TAHAJJUD (THE NIGHT PRAYER):

Narrated Abu Huraira (Radiallahu anhu): Allah’s Apostle (Peace be upon him) said, “Our Lord, the Blessed, the Superior, comes every night down on the nearest Heaven to us when the last third of the night remains, saying: “Is there anyone to invoke Me, so that I may respond to invocation? Is there anyone to ask Me, so that I may grant him his request? Is there anyone seeking My forgiveness, so that I may forgive him?” [Bukhari]

 

Abd Allah ibn Salam (Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace be upon him, his family, and companions) said, “O people! Spread the salams, feed others, maintain family ties, and pray at night when others sleep and you will enter Heaven safely.” [Tirmidhi, Hakim]

 

Abu Umama al-Bahili (Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace be upon him, his family, and companions) said, “Hold tight to night prayer, for it was the way of the righteous before you, a way of drawing closer to your Lord, an expiation for wrong deeds, and a shield from sin.” [Tirmidhi] 

 

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