Tuesday, June 16, 2020

Islam has spread over a vast geographically

Islam has spread over a vast geographically and culturally diverse area of the world. It has been adapted to suit the needs of various peoples and cultures. In the process, however, it has assumed many and widely different characters and expressions. The Qur’an underlies this great diversity and provides a fundamental unity in worship practices, literary expression, and popular culture. This paradoxical unity and diversity of Islam and its grounding in the Qur’an is its perceived strength. The principle of unity of the human family is an important Qur’anic principle: Humankind, fear your Lord who created you all from one soul, from it He created its partner, and from them both He scattereth many men and women (Qur’an 4:1). The principle of diversity is also a Qur’anic principle. Difference of race, colour, and creed are divinely preordained.

The Qur’an has been an inexhaustible source of inspiration for Muslims in every discipline of knowledge and human endeavour. Devout Muslims claim that it speaks to every situation in the life of Muslim societies as well as to the condition of every Muslim individual. Muslims have insisted that the Qur’an is applicable to all situations at all times. Yet, for it to be universal in its scope and meaning, the Qur’an is read and committed to heart by every Muslim as though it were sent down at that moment, and for him or her alone.

References

Ayoub, Mahmoud. The Qur’an and Its Interpreters, 2 vols. to date. New York: State University of New York Press, 1984.

Izutsu, T. God and Man in the Koran. Tokyo: Keio Institute of Cultural and Linguistic Studies, 1964.

Kassis, H.E. A Concordance of the Qur’anBerkeley: University of California Press, 1983.

Lings, M. The Qur’anic Art of Calligraphy and Illumination. Boulder: Shambhala, 1976.

Nelson, K. The Art of Reciting the Qur’an. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1985.

Safadgi, Y.H. Islamic Calligraphy. Boulder: Shambhala, 1978.

Tabari, al. The Commentary on the Qur’an. Vol. 1, New York: Oxford University Press, 1987

Tabatabai, M.H. The Qur’an in Islam: Its Impact and Influence on the Life of Muslims. London: Muhammadi Trust, 1987.

In the Qur’an, a pious Muslim hears God’s voice guiding and encouraging, consoling and reproaching, promising the righteous mercy and eternal bliss, while threatening the wicked with wrath and eternal torment. For Muslims, the Qur’an is the word of God, which has entered human time to shape history. According to Muslim sources, the Angel Gabriel revealed himself to Prophet Muhammad in 610 CE while he was in prayerful retreat in a cave on Mount Hira, outside Mecca. It is said that in this initial meeting, the Angel Gabriel pressed Muhammad so vehemently that he felt he was being choked. The Qur’an states that the angel then commanded:

Recite in the name of your Lord who created, created man from a blood clot. Recite, for your Lord is most magnanimous - who taught by the pen; taught man that which he did not know. (Qur’an 96:1-5)

Muslims claim that God warned Prophet Muhammad: We shall surely lay upon you weighty speech, and enjoined him to rise up through most of the night in prayer, and remember fervently what he was told to be, "the Lord of the east and the west" (Qur’an 73:5 and 73:8). For Muslims this "weighty speech" marked Prophet Muhammad as the last Messenger of God to humankind; this event was to have a great impact on the course of human history.


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